Which system supports residential mortgage lending and related community investment through its member financial institutions?

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The system being described is a cooperative network that provides funding to its member institutions to back residential mortgage lending and support community development. The Federal Home Loan Bank System consists of regional banks owned by member lenders such as banks, thrifts, and credit unions. It offers low-cost funding, advances, letters of credit, and other liquidity tools to help members finance mortgages and undertake community investment projects. Because its primary purpose is to support member institutions in lending and community initiatives, it best fits the description. By comparison, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac operate as government-sponsored enterprises that buy mortgages and securitize them in the secondary market, not as a member-funded system of lenders; the Federal Reserve System is the central bank that provides monetary policy and general liquidity to banks, not a network designed to support mortgage lending through member institutions.